The instrumentation needed is a volumetric Karl Fischer titrator, for example a Metrohm 841 Titrando, and a double platinum pin electrode is used to determine the endpoint
Honey is a sweet treat, and is mankind's oldest sweetener.
It can be a good substitute for sugar in our drinks and food, but it is also good for many other things and treating many other conditions.
Honey is composed of sugars like glucose and fructose and minerals like magnesium, potassium, calcium, sodium chlorine, sulphur, iron and phosphate.
It contains vitamins B1, B2, C, B6, B5 and B3 all of which change according to the qualities of the nectar and pollen.
Besides the above, copper, iodine, and zinc exist in small quantities.
Several kinds of hormones are also present in it.
Approximately one half of the human diet is derived directly or indirectly from crops pollinated by bees.
Today honeybees are an essential part of a healthy agriculture economy.
If you have allergies, honey can be beneficial.
If you eat honey that is local to your area, it may prevent your seasonal allergies.
Bees use the pollen from local plants and eventually it ends up in your honey.
Honeys must not contain too much water if they are to be protected from microbiological spoilage.
Water determination can be carried out using the tried and tested Karl Fischer technique.
Titrants used include Hydranal Composite 5.
Methanol is used as the solvent, which is initially titrated to dryness, and then 0.1-0.2g of honey is added to the titration cell.
Typical values for water in honey is 17%.
